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Recombinant DNA

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Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.

Homologous Recombination

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila

Published on: July 13, 2013

Recombinant

Chang-Tong Zhu¹, Yi-Yuan Mei², Lin-Lin Zhu³

¹School of Biotechnology & School of the Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China. zct2033@sina.com.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|September 12, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a novel method for rapid biofilm formation in microchannels using surface-modified reactors and nanomaterials. This approach significantly reduces culture time for catalytic biofilms, enhancing their application in microreactors.

Keywords:

biofilm microreactor nanomaterials recombinant Escherichia coil surface modification

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Enrichment of Native and Recombinant Extracellular Vesicles of Mycobacteria

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Chemical Engineering
Microfluidics

Background:

Whole cells as catalytic biofilms in microchannels are gaining interest.
Excessive biomass and poor structure limit current biofilm applications in reactors.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a rapid and efficient method for preparing catalytic biofilms in microchannels.
To investigate the impact of surface modification and nanomaterials on biofilm formation.

Main Methods:

Utilized surface-modified microchannel reactors for colonizing recombinant Escherichia coli.
Employed a segmented flow system with air/culture medium containing nanomaterials.
Investigated the effects of silane reagent surface modification and graphene sheets on biofilm development.

Main Results:

Surface modification reduced biofilm culture time by 6 hours (from 30 h to 24 h).
Graphene sheets (10 mg/L) reduced biofilm formation time by 33.33% (to 20 h) with minimal inhibition.
Segmented flow mode significantly impacted biofilm structure and development.

Conclusions:

Developed an efficient and simple approach for rapid catalytic biofilm preparation in microchannels.
Surface modification and nanomaterials effectively accelerate biofilm formation.
This method enhances the potential of biofilms in microchannel reactor applications.