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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Tissue-simulating Phantoms for Assessing Potential Near-infrared Fluorescence Imaging Applications in Breast Cancer Surgery
Published on: September 19, 2014
Effects of the Plastic of the Realistic GeePS-L2S-Breast Phantom
Tomas Rydholm1, Andreas Fhager2, Mikael Persson3
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41258 Gothenburg, Sweden. tomas.rydholm@chalmers.se.
Abstract:
A breast phantom developed at the Supelec Institute was interrogated to study its suitability for microwave tomography measurements. A microwave measurement system based on 16 monopole antennas and a vector network analyzer was used to study how the S-parameters are influenced by insertion of the phantom. The phantom is a 3D-printed structure consisting of plastic shells that can be filled with tissue mimicking liquids. The phantom was filled with different liquids and tested with the measurement system to determine whether the plastic has any effects on the recovered images or not. Measurements of the phantom when it is filled with the same liquid as the surrounding coupling medium are of particular interest. In this case, the phantom plastic has a substantial effects on the measurements which ultimately detracts from the desired images.
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