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A Clustering WSN Routing Protocol Based on k-d Tree Algorithm.

John Anzola1,2, Jordán Pascual3, Giovanny Tarazona4

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Summary

This study introduces a novel hierarchical routing protocol using k-d trees for wireless sensor networks. It improves network performance by optimizing cluster formation and cluster head selection, enhancing data delivery efficiency.

Keywords:
WSNclusteringhierarchical protocolk-d tree algorithmquality of servicerouting protocol

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Wireless Communication Networks

Background:

  • Clustering is a key strategy for reducing power consumption in wireless sensor networks (WSNs).
  • Existing clustering methods often compromise Quality of Service (QoS) due to energy-saving restrictions.
  • Cluster formation and cluster head (CH) selection significantly impact network performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel hierarchical routing protocol for WSNs.
  • To enhance network performance by optimizing cluster formation and CH assignment.
  • To improve delay, jitter, and throughput compared to existing protocols.

Main Methods:

  • A hierarchical routing protocol based on the k-d tree algorithm for spatial data partitioning and node clustering.
  • A reactive mechanism for cluster head (CH) node formation.
  • Performance validation through network simulations.

Main Results:

  • The proposed k-d tree-based clustering effectively organizes nodes.
  • The reactive CH formation mechanism shows improvements in network performance metrics.
  • Simulations demonstrate enhanced delay, jitter, and throughput compared to LEACH-C.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed protocol offers an effective approach to balancing energy efficiency and QoS in WSNs.
  • K-d tree partitioning provides a robust method for hierarchical clustering.
  • The reactive CH selection strategy is beneficial for improving real-time data transmission.