Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026
04:41
Plaquing of Herpes Simplex Viruses
Published on: November 5, 2021
7.1K
Phenotypic and Functional Signatures of Herpes Simplex Virus-Specific Effector Memory CD73
Ruchi Srivastava1, Pierre-Grégoire Coulon1, Soumyabrata Roy1
1Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697.
Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|September 12, 2018
Summary
Healthy individuals with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) have more multifunctional CD8+ T cells. These CD73-expressing effector memory T cells may protect against ocular herpes infection and disease.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) specific CD8+ T cells are crucial for controlling herpes infection.
- The characteristics of protective CD8+ T cells in asymptomatic (ASYMP) individuals remain unclear.
- Understanding these cells is key to developing T cell-based immunotherapies for herpes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the phenotype and function of HSV-specific CD8+ T cells in ASYMP versus symptomatic (SYMP) individuals.
- To investigate the role of CD73+ CD8+ T cells in protection against ocular HSV-1 infection.
- To explore the protective mechanisms in both human and mouse models.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of HSV-specific CD8+ T cells from HLA-A*02:01-positive ASYMP and SYMP individuals.
- Phenotypic and functional characterization of CD8+ T cells, including CD73 expression.
- Ocular HSV-1 infection model in wild-type and CD73-/- deficient mice.
Main Results:
- ASYMP individuals exhibit a higher proportion of multifunctional HSV-specific effector memory CD8+ T cells (TEMRA and TEM) compared to SYMP individuals.
- ASYMP mice show increased multifunctional HSV-specific CD73+ CD8+ T cells in the cornea post-infection.
- CD73-/- deficient mice display more recurrent ocular herpes and reduced functional CD8+ T cells.
Conclusions:
- Effector memory CD8+ T cells expressing the CD73 costimulatory molecule play a significant role in protection against ocular herpes.
- These findings support the development of CD73-targeted T cell-based immunotherapies for herpes.
- The study highlights the importance of multifunctional CD8+ T cells in natural herpes immunity.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory
2.1K
Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or...
2.1K
00:50What are Viruses?
128.3K
Overview
128.3K
01:23System of Memory
7.4K
Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
7.4K
01:24Working Memory
899
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
899
01:18Long-Term Memory
696
Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
696
01:20Traumatic Memory
587
Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
587