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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

A multicaloric cooling cycle that exploits thermal hysteresis.

Tino Gottschall^1,2, Adrià Gràcia-Condal³, Maximilian Fries⁴

¹Institut für Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. t.gottschall@hzdr.de.

Nature Materials

|September 12, 2018

Summary

This study introduces a novel magnetic cooling method using uniaxial stress to exploit material hysteresis, enabling more efficient and scalable refrigeration. This approach reduces reliance on expensive permanent magnets for practical applications.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Thermodynamics
Applied Physics

Background:

Giant magnetocaloric effect (GMCE) offers potential for efficient refrigeration but faces commercialization challenges.
Conventional magnetic cooling minimizes material hysteresis to maximize the reversible magnetocaloric effect.
Limited commercial adoption of GMCE is partly due to the need for large, expensive magnetic field sources.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and demonstrate a new magnetic cooling approach that utilizes material hysteresis.
To overcome limitations of conventional magnetic cooling by introducing a secondary stimulus.
To enable scalable and cost-effective magnetic refrigeration systems.

Main Methods:

Introducing uniaxial stress as a secondary stimulus to exploit hysteresis in magnetocaloric materials.
Utilizing Ni-Mn-In Heusler alloys to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the hysteresis-positive approach.
Analyzing the impact of hysteresis exploitation on magnetic field source volume and magnetocaloric material mass ratio.

Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated a hysteresis-positive approach to magnetic cooling.
Showcased the ability to lock-in the ferromagnetic phase by removing the magnetizing field using uniaxial stress.
Indicated potential for reduced volume of magnetic field sources and increased refrigerant body mass ratio.

Conclusions:

The proposed method enhances the practical application of the giant magnetocaloric effect.
Exploiting hysteresis, rather than minimizing it, offers a viable path for commercial magnetic refrigeration.
This approach paves the way for more scalable and cost-effective magnetic cooling devices.