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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding01:25

Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding

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Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

286
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

190
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Load along a Single Axis01:29

Load along a Single Axis

647
In structural engineering, the analysis of beams subjected to varying loads is a critical aspect of understanding the behavior and performance of these structural elements. A common scenario involves a beam subjected to a combination of different load distributions.
Consider a beam of length L subjected to a varying load, which is a combination of parabolic and trapezoidal load distribution along the x-axis. In this case, it is essential to determine the resultant loads, their locations, and...
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Counting Proteins in Single Cells with Addressable Droplet Microarrays
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The Obesities: Various Paradigms Addressing a Single Problem.

Clemens Drenowatz1

  • 1Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
|September 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity is a complex issue resulting from an energy imbalance. Understanding energy intake and expenditure together, alongside individual and environmental factors, requires a multidisciplinary approach for effective obesity management.

Keywords:
commentarydietenergy balanceexcess body weightobesityphysical activity

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Metabolic Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • The obesity epidemic is a significant global health challenge with multifaceted origins.
  • Existing research often separates factors contributing to obesity, hindering comprehensive understanding.
  • Karasu's article, "The Obesities: An Overview of Convergent and Divergent Paradigms," is critically examined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a commentary on the multifaceted nature of obesity.
  • To advocate for a unified understanding of obesity, integrating various contributing factors.
  • To emphasize the need for a holistic, multidisciplinary approach to studying obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Commentary and critical analysis of existing literature on obesity paradigms.
  • Synthesis of diverse viewpoints on the causes and implications of obesity.
  • Discussion of the interplay between individual, environmental, and physiological factors.

Main Results:

  • Obesity fundamentally stems from an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure.
  • Viewing energy intake and expenditure in synchrony is crucial for understanding obesity.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is essential to address the complex interactions driving obesity.

Conclusions:

  • The concept of "obesities" should be unified into a singular understanding of energy balance regulation.
  • Effective strategies for combating the obesity epidemic require integrating individual, environmental, and physiological perspectives.
  • A holistic, multidisciplinary approach is paramount for advancing the study and management of obesity.