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Immunodeficiency in rhesus monkeys associated with the original Mason-Pfizer monkey virus
Abstract:
The Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) was reisolated from a cryopreserved sample of the original MPMV-containing rhesus breast carcinoma, and complete integrated MPMV provirus was detected in chromosomal DNA of this tumor. Reanalysis of the in vivo pathogenicity and molecular character of MPMV reisolated from the rhesus breast tumor and analysis of the original MPMV after long-term in vitro propagation in human and rhesus cells show that the original MPMV produces an acquired immunodeficiency similar to that caused by the recently described simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome type D retroviruses, and the MPMV genome and its immunosuppressive effect in vivo have remained stable despite prolonged in vitro passage in human and rhesus cells.
Insights
The Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) causes an acquired immunodeficiency in rhesus monkeys, similar to simian AIDS. This retrovirus remained stable in its genetic makeup and immunosuppressive effects after extensive laboratory cultivation.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Retroviral Research
Background:
- The Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) is a retrovirus historically associated with rhesus monkeys.
- Previous studies suggested MPMV's potential role in disease, but its precise pathogenicity required further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To reisolate and characterize the original Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) from a rhesus breast carcinoma.
- To assess the in vivo pathogenicity and molecular stability of MPMV after prolonged in vitro propagation.
Main Methods:
- Reisolation of MPMV from cryopreserved tumor tissue.
- Detection of integrated MPMV provirus in host chromosomal DNA.
- Molecular characterization and pathogenicity analysis of reisolated and in vitro-passaged MPMV strains.
Main Results:
- MPMV was successfully reisolated from the original rhesus breast carcinoma sample.
- Complete integrated MPMV provirus was confirmed in the tumor's DNA.
- MPMV demonstrated an acquired immunodeficiency phenotype in vivo, comparable to simian AIDS type D retroviruses.
- The MPMV genome and its immunosuppressive properties remained stable through extended in vitro culture in human and rhesus cells.
Conclusions:
- The Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) is confirmed to induce an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in vivo.
- MPMV exhibits remarkable genetic and functional stability, even after prolonged periods of in vitro cultivation.
- These findings underscore MPMV's significance in retroviral research and its relevance to understanding simian immunodeficiency.