Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is Natural Selection?01:32

What is Natural Selection?

129.5K
Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
129.5K
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

60.0K
Overview
60.0K
Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

45.2K
Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
45.2K
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

24.1K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
24.1K
Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

4.6K
An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
4.6K
Limits to Natural Selection01:38

Limits to Natural Selection

35.1K
Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.
35.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Epigenetic control of telomeric RNA maintains heterochromatin in telomerase-driven cancers.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2026
Same author

Initial leukemic epigenomic state determines hypomethylating agent response.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Efficacy of a site-specific anti-Nectin-4 antibody-drug conjugate against Nectin-4-positive triple-negative breast cancer models.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis producing a functional M. tuberculosis ESX-1 system is protective in the murine model of bovine TB without sensitization to tuberculin.

Vaccine·2026
Same author

Barriers and facilitators to health promotion behaviours in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility who are actively trying to conceive: a qualitative study using the COM-B model and the Theoretical Domains Framework.

BMC women's health·2026
Same author

A Smartphone Sensing Platform Based on Multilanthanide Metal-Organic Framework Sensors for Portable Visual Quantitative Detection of Antibiotic Residues.

Inorganic chemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

A Protocol for Phage Display and Affinity Selection Using Recombinant Protein Baits
12:36

A Protocol for Phage Display and Affinity Selection Using Recombinant Protein Baits

Published on: February 16, 2014

35.0K

Discovering Selective Binders for Photoswitchable Proteins Using Phage Display.

Jakeb M Reis1, Xiuling Xu1, Sherin McDonald2

  • 1Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H7 , Canada.

ACS Synthetic Biology
|September 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method to create optogenetic tools that control protein interactions using light. This technique enables precise control over cellular processes by generating specific binding partners for light-switchable proteins.

Keywords:
LOVPYPblue lightoptogeneticsphage displayphotoactive yellow proteinphotoswitchable

More Related Videos

Scalable High Throughput Selection From Phage-displayed Synthetic Antibody Libraries
12:55

Scalable High Throughput Selection From Phage-displayed Synthetic Antibody Libraries

Published on: January 17, 2015

19.2K
Using Phage Display to Develop Ubiquitin Variant Modulators for E3 Ligases
06:30

Using Phage Display to Develop Ubiquitin Variant Modulators for E3 Ligases

Published on: August 27, 2021

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

A Protocol for Phage Display and Affinity Selection Using Recombinant Protein Baits
12:36

A Protocol for Phage Display and Affinity Selection Using Recombinant Protein Baits

Published on: February 16, 2014

35.0K
Scalable High Throughput Selection From Phage-displayed Synthetic Antibody Libraries
12:55

Scalable High Throughput Selection From Phage-displayed Synthetic Antibody Libraries

Published on: January 17, 2015

19.2K
Using Phage Display to Develop Ubiquitin Variant Modulators for E3 Ligases
06:30

Using Phage Display to Develop Ubiquitin Variant Modulators for E3 Ligases

Published on: August 27, 2021

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Optogenetics

Background:

  • Light-responsive proteins change conformation upon light exposure.
  • Optogenetic tools offer precise spatial and temporal control over biological processes.
  • Controlling protein-protein interactions with light is limited by the scarcity of suitable photoactive proteins and their binding partners.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a versatile strategy for discovering specific binding partners for both light and dark states of photoactive proteins.
  • To engineer novel optogenetic tools for controlling protein-protein interactions with high specificity and affinity.
  • To demonstrate the utility of these engineered interactions in living cells.

Main Methods:

  • Phage display technology utilizing a small scaffold protein.
  • Generation of binding partners for the light and dark states of photoactive proteins.
  • Testing the functionality of engineered light-switchable protein-protein interactions in cellular systems.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated specific binding partners for the light and dark states of PYP and AsLOV2, two distinct photoactive proteins.
  • Demonstrated that these engineered interactions can be used to control subcellular localization in living cells.
  • Validated the phage display strategy as an effective method for discovering novel protein interactors for optogenetics.

Conclusions:

  • The developed phage display strategy enables the creation of custom optogenetic tools by identifying specific binding partners for photoactive proteins.
  • Engineered light-switchable protein-protein interactions can be effectively implemented in cells to control biological functions.
  • This approach expands the toolkit for optogenetics, allowing for greater control over protein interactions and cellular processes.