Myositis Ossificans in Sport: A Review

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Sports Medicine
• Radiology

Background:

• Myositis ossificans is a benign, self-limiting ossifying soft-tissue mass.
• It commonly affects active individuals, particularly in the brachialis, quadriceps, and adductor muscles.
• The pathophysiology remains poorly understood, and lesions can occur with or without trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and management of myositis ossificans.
• To highlight the role of imaging in early detection and diagnosis.
• To outline the typical recovery timeline for athletes.

Main Methods:

• Review of clinical presentations and diagnostic imaging findings.
• Discussion of conservative and surgical treatment options.
• Analysis of patient outcomes and return-to-sport timelines.

Main Results:

• Patients present with localized pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion.
• Ultrasonography is a valuable early screening tool, while MRI is the gold standard for soft tissue mass imaging.
• Most cases are treated conservatively with excellent outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Myositis ossificans in athletes often resolves with conservative management.
• Early diagnosis is aided by ultrasonography and MRI.
• Athletes can typically return to full activity within 6-12 months post-injury.