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Related Concept Videos

Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

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The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
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Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

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Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
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Effects of Temperature on Free Energy02:11

Effects of Temperature on Free Energy

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The spontaneity of a process depends upon the temperature of the system. Phase transitions, for example, will proceed spontaneously in one direction or the other depending upon the temperature of the substance in question. Likewise, some chemical reactions can also exhibit temperature-dependent spontaneities. To illustrate this concept, the equation relating free energy change to the enthalpy and entropy changes for the process is considered:
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
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Increased Body Temperature01:25

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

An Application for Pairing with Wearable Devices to Monitor Personal Health Status
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PEDOT:PSS-Based Temperature-Detection Thread for Wearable Devices.

Jin-Woo Lee1, Dong-Cheul Han2, Han-Jae Shin3

  • 1Display and Nanosystem Lab., College of Engineering, Korea University, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea. aprillst@korea.ac.kr.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created a wearable temperature sensor using poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) dyed threads. This innovative textile sensor offers high sensitivity and linearity for diverse applications.

Keywords:
PEDOT:PSStemperature-detectionthreadwearable devices

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Wearable Technology

Background:

  • Wearable sensors require robust and flexible temperature-sensing elements.
  • Conducting polymers offer unique electronic properties for sensor development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel wearable temperature-sensing element using dip-dyed threads.
  • To characterize the performance of the PEDOT:PSS-dyed textile for temperature detection.

Main Methods:

  • Dip dyeing textile threads in a poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) solution.
  • Characterizing the temperature-dependent resistance of the dyed threads.

Main Results:

  • The PEDOT:PSS-dyed threads exhibited negative temperature coefficient (NTC) characteristics.
  • Achieved a high sensitivity of 167.1 Ω/°C with 99.8% linearity across a -50 °C to 80 °C range.

Conclusions:

  • The fabricated temperature-detection thread is a promising component for wearable electronic devices.
  • Potential for widespread adoption in fitness, healthcare, industrial, and military applications.