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Investigation and management of the long-term ventilated premature infant

M F A Wright1, C Wallis1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Paediatrics, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK.

Early Human Development
|September 13, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a complication of prematurity, often requires prolonged respiratory support. This paper reviews positive pressure ventilation modalities for severe BPD cases and discusses potential cardiorespiratory issues.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a prevalent complication in premature infants.
  • Despite advances in neonatal care, BPD incidence remains high.
  • Severe BPD necessitates prolonged positive pressure support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review indications for respiratory support in severe BPD.
  • To discuss practicalities of various positive pressure ventilation modalities.
  • To highlight potential cardiorespiratory sequelae of BPD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of BPD management strategies.
  • Analysis of indications for non-invasive and invasive ventilation.
  • Discussion of secondary disease processes impacting respiratory status.

Main Results:

  • Severe BPD requires tailored respiratory support strategies.
  • Positive pressure ventilation modalities vary in application.
  • Secondary conditions can exacerbate respiratory compromise in BPD.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal management of severe BPD involves careful consideration of ventilation techniques.
  • Monitoring for and addressing cardiorespiratory sequelae is crucial.
  • Further research into BPD pathogenesis and treatment is warranted.

Keywords:
Chronic lung diseaseLong-term ventilationPrematurityTracheostomy

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