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Transgender Adolescent Suicide Behavior.

Russell B Toomey1, Amy K Syvertsen2, Maura Shramko3

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Adolescent suicide attempts varied significantly by gender identity, with transgender female to male and nonbinary individuals facing the highest risks. Prevention efforts must address these specific disparities within transgender populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Health
  • Mental Health Research
  • Sociology of Gender

Background:

  • Suicide behavior is a significant public health concern among adolescents.
  • Understanding prevalence rates across diverse gender identity groups is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Existing research often lacks granular data on specific transgender and gender non-conforming populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of suicide behavior across six distinct gender identity groups.
  • To analyze how sociodemographic factors influence suicide behavior within these gender identity groups.
  • To inform tailored suicide prevention strategies for vulnerable adolescent populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Profiles of Student Life: Attitudes and Behaviors survey (N = 120,617 adolescents, ages 11-19).
  • Employed a dichotomized measure of lifetime suicide attempts (ever vs. never).
  • Compared prevalence statistics and sociodemographic associations (age, parental education, urbanicity, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity) across gender identity groups.

Main Results:

  • Nearly 14% of adolescents reported a previous suicide attempt, with significant disparities observed across gender identities.
  • Transgender female to male adolescents reported the highest attempt rate (50.8%), followed by nonbinary (41.8%), transgender male to female (29.9%), and questioning (27.9%) groups.
  • Nonheterosexual identification increased suicide attempt risk for most groups, except for nonbinary adolescents. No other sociodemographic factors were associated with suicide attempts among transgender adolescents.

Conclusions:

  • Suicide prevention strategies must acknowledge and address the unique risks faced by transgender female to male and nonbinary adolescents.
  • Variability within transgender populations necessitates specific attention for effective intervention.
  • Further research into the specific needs of diverse gender identity groups is warranted to reduce suicide behavior.