Enhanced immunofluorescence detection of a protein marker using a PAA modified ZnO nanorod array-based microfluidic
Zhihua Wu1, De Zhao, Chengyi Hou
1State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibres and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China. wanghz@dhu.edu.cn yaogang_li@dhu.edu.cn.
Nanoscale
|September 13, 2018
Summary
This study developed a microfluidic device using zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods and polyacrylic acid (PAA) for enhanced fluorescence detection of cancer biomarkers. The ZnO@PAA nanorod array improves sensitivity and specificity for early disease diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a promising material for enhancing fluorescence in protein microarrays.
- Integrating functional substrates with microfluidic technology for cancer biomarker detection requires optimization of nanostructures and surface modifications.
- Hydrophilic modifications are crucial for improving fluorescence immunoassays.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an optimized ZnO nanorod array within a microfluidic device for enhanced fluorescence detection of cancer biomarkers.
- To investigate the impact of microfluidic parameters on ZnO nanorod morphology and fluorescence performance.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of polyacrylic acid (PAA) modification in reducing non-specific binding and increasing antibody loading.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of ZnO nanorod arrays on glass capillary inner walls using a microfluidic chemical method.
- Hydrophilic modification of ZnO nanorod arrays via electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly with PAA.
- Investigation of flow rate and reagent concentration effects on nanorod morphology.
- Performance evaluation using fluorescence immunoassay for carcinoembryonic antigen detection.
Main Results:
- Optimized ZnO nanorod array morphology achieved at 25 μL min-1 flow rate and 50 mM Zn2+ concentration.
- Significant enhancement in fluorescence performance observed for the optimized ZnO nanorod array.
- PAA modification effectively suppressed non-specific protein interference and improved antibody loading capacity.
- Achieved a limit of detection of 100 fg mL-1 for carcinoembryonic antigen.
Conclusions:
- The developed ZnO@PAA nanorod array-based microfluidic device demonstrates superior fluorescence detection performance for protein markers.
- This technology holds significant potential for point-of-care diagnostics and high-throughput cancer biomarker detection.
- The optimized microfluidic fabrication and surface modification strategy advances the application of ZnO in biosensing.
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