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Prenatal stress and enhanced developmental plasticity.

Sarah Hartman1, Jay Belsky2

  • 1Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of California, One Shields Avenue, 3321 Hart Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. slhartman@ucdavis.edu.

Journal of Neural Transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)
|September 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Prenatal stress may program heightened postnatal plasticity, increasing susceptibility to developmental experiences. This research reviews evidence supporting this programming hypothesis for developmental plasticity.

Keywords:
Developmental plasticityDifferential susceptibilityPrenatal programmingPrenatal stressPrenatal-stress mechanisms

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychology
  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Human development

Background:

  • Prenatal stress is linked to increased behavioral and physiological reactivity in offspring.
  • Postnatal phenotypes associated with prenatal stress heighten susceptibility to environmental influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence supporting the hypothesis that prenatal stress programs postnatal developmental plasticity.
  • To explore the role of prenatal stress in moderating responses to postnatal experiences.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on prenatal stress and developmental outcomes.
  • Inclusion of a novel animal study with experimental manipulation of prenatal stress and postnatal rearing.

Main Results:

  • Evidence reviewed is consistent with the hypothesis that prenatal stress enhances postnatal plasticity.
  • The animal study provides experimental support for prenatal stress-induced programming of plasticity.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal stress may "program" offspring for increased developmental plasticity.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms and moderators of this prenatal programming effect.