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Related Concept Videos

Kinetic Energy00:23

Kinetic Energy

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Kinetic energy is the ability of an object in motion to do work or enact change. It can take on many forms. For instance, water flowing down a waterfall has kinetic energy. In biological systems, particles of light travel and are absorbed by plants to create chemical energy. Animals consume the chemical energy and give off molecules that carry their scent through the air. They also generate kinetic energy when they run away from predators. Entire systems also possess kinetic energy, like the...
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The kinetic molecular theory qualitatively explains the behaviors described by the various gas laws. The postulates of this theory may be applied in a more quantitative fashion to derive these individual laws.
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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Kinetic Energy - I01:18

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It’s plausible to suppose that the greater the velocity of a body, the greater effect it could have on other bodies. This does not depend on the direction of the velocity, only its magnitude. At the end of the seventeenth century, a quantity was introduced into mechanics to explain collisions between two perfectly elastic bodies, in which one body makes a head-on collision with an identical body at rest. When they collide, the first body stops, and the second body moves off with the...
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The kinetic energy of a particle is one-half of the product of the particle’s mass and the square of its speed. Note that just as Newton’s second law can be expressed as either the rate of change of momentum or mass multiplied by the rate of change of velocity, so too can the kinetic energy of a particle be expressed in terms of its mass and momentum, instead of its mass and velocity.
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The work done to bring a charge through a distance r is given by the potential difference between the initial and the final position. To assemble a collection of point charges, the total work done can be expressed in terms of the product of each pair of charges divided by their separation distance, defined with respect to a suitable origin. Solving this expression gives the energy stored in a point charge distribution.
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Energy Materials Design for Steering Charge Kinetics.

Guozhen Zhang1, Li Yang1, Xijun Wang1

  • 1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
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Summary

Controlling charge kinetics, vital for energy materials, involves tuning electronic structures. This study highlights strategies like adjusting energy states and charge distribution for enhanced material performance.

Keywords:
charge kineticsenergy materialssolar energy conversiontheoretical simulations

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Energy Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Charge kinetics significantly impacts the efficiency of energy materials across diverse applications.
  • The electronic structure of materials fundamentally governs charge kinetics.
  • Fine-tuning electronic structures offers a pathway to optimize material performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in designing energy materials with tailored electronic structures.
  • To highlight key strategies for steering charge kinetics for specific applications.
  • To discuss challenges and future perspectives in controlling charge kinetics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on energy materials and electronic structure manipulation.
  • Categorization of strategies into energy state tuning and charge spatial distribution control.
  • Discussion of specific schemes within each strategy.

Main Results:

  • Two primary strategies for controlling charge kinetics are identified: tuning energy states and controlling spatial charge distribution.
  • Various schemes exist within these strategies to achieve desired electronic structures.
  • The importance of understanding and manipulating electronic structure for efficient energy materials is emphasized.

Conclusions:

  • Designing energy materials with precisely controlled charge kinetics is achievable through strategic electronic structure modification.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and unlock new perspectives in this field.
  • Optimizing charge kinetics is crucial for advancing energy material applications.