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Related Concept Videos

5-Number Summary01:04

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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
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If a reaction has a small equilibrium constant, the equilibrium position favors the reactants. In such reactions, a negligible change in concentration may occur if the initial concentrations of reactants are high and the Kc value is small. In such circumstances, the equilibrium concentration is approximately equal to its initial concentration.  This estimation can be used to simplify the equilibrium calculations by assuming that some equilibrium concentrations are equal to the initial...
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Lagging Strand Synthesis01:59

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During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
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Uncertainty in Measurement: Significant Figures03:34

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All the digits in a measurement, including the uncertain last digit, are called significant figures or significant digits. Note that zero may be a measured value; for example, if a scale that shows weight to the nearest pound reads “140,” then the 1 (hundreds), 4 (tens), and 0 (ones) are all significant (measured) values.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Immunohistochemical Detection of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Developing and Postmitotic Mouse Retina
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5-HT

Saurabh Chaturvedi1, Durga Prasanna Misra1, Narayan Prasad2

  • 1Department of Clinical Immunology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India.

International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases
|September 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Serotonin (5-HT) inhibitors, terguride and SB204741, reduce fibrosis by suppressing pro-fibrotic gene expression and non-canonical TGF-β1 signaling pathways in human dermal fibroblasts. These findings suggest potential therapeutic applications for fibrotic disorders like scleroderma.

Keywords:
FibroblastsSTAT3SerotoninSerotonin antagonistsTGF-β1

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Area of Science:

  • Fibrosis research
  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Platelet-derived serotonin (5-HT) promotes tissue fibrosis by inducing extracellular matrix synthesis in dermal fibroblasts.
  • This process is dependent on transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anti-fibrotic effects of 5-HT2 and 5-HT2B inhibitors (terguride, SB204741) in human adult dermal fibroblasts (HADF).
  • To investigate the impact of these inhibitors on TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • HADF were treated with 5-HT/TGF-β1 and then with terguride or SB204741 (post-treatment) or pre-treated with inhibitors before 5-HT/TGF-β1 stimulation.
  • Gene expression of pro-fibrotic markers (TGFΒ1, COL1A1, COL1A2, ACTA2, CTGF, FN1) and anti-fibrotic markers (MMP2, TIMP1) was analyzed using real-time qPCR.
  • Protein expression of type I collagen, α-SMA, and phosphorylation of Smad3, ERK1/2, and STAT3 were assessed via immunoblotting.

Main Results:

  • Terguride and SB204741 significantly reduced the expression of pro-fibrotic genes induced by 5-HT/TGF-β1.
  • Inhibitors decreased type I collagen and α-SMA expression in 5-HT-stimulated HADF.
  • Treatment reduced ERK1/2 and STAT3 phosphorylation but did not affect Smad3 phosphorylation in 5-HT/TGF-β1 stimulated HADF.

Conclusions:

  • Terguride and SB204741 effectively reduce the pro-fibrotic potential of HADF.
  • These 5-HT inhibitors suppress non-canonical TGF-β1 signaling pathways (ERK1/2, STAT3), implicating them in fibrosis regulation.
  • The findings suggest that 5-HT inhibitors hold therapeutic promise for fibrotic conditions such as scleroderma.