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Evaluating the microbial pattern of periprosthetic joint infections of the hip and knee

Thomas Rosteius1, Oliver Jansen1, Tobias Fehmer2

  • 11​Department of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany.

Journal of Medical Microbiology
|September 13, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication, with increasing high-resistance pathogens identified. This study highlights patient risk factors and evolving microbial trends in PJI.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) poses significant economic and healthcare burdens.
  • Identifying causative pathogens and risk factors is crucial for managing PJI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify pathogens causing PJI.
  • To evaluate temporal trends in pathogen patterns.
  • To identify potential risk factors for PJI.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 937 patients with hip or knee PJI between 2003 and 2011.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, comorbidities, and microbiological findings.

Main Results:

  • Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), MRSE, MRSA, CoNS, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus were primary pathogens.
  • An increasing trend of high-resistance pathogens (MRSE, ESBL, ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus, Acinetobacter spp., VRE) was observed.
  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) showed a declining tendency.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with PJI often have comorbidities like advanced age and obesity.
  • The microbiological landscape of PJI is shifting towards a rise in high-resistance pathogens.
Keywords:
epidemiologymicrobial patternperiprosthetic joint infectiontotal hip arthroplastytotal knee arthroplasty

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