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Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: challenges for treatment, prevention and infection control

Matteo Bassetti1, Elda Righi1, Alessia Carnelutti1

  • 1a Department of Medicine , University of Udine and Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata , Udine , Italy.

Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
|September 13, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Managing multi-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) infections is challenging. Current treatments yield suboptimal results, necessitating new strategies and infection control to combat antimicrobial resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance in multi-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) presents a significant clinical challenge.
  • Optimal treatment strategies for MDR-KP infections remain poorly defined, with current combination therapies showing suboptimal efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current treatment options for MDR-KP infections.
  • To discuss novel antibiotics with activity against MDR Gram-negative bacteria.
  • To explore strategies for preventing the spread of MDR-KP.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed database was conducted.
  • Emphasis was placed on studies from countries where MDR-KP is endemic.
  • The review focused on significant literature regarding MDR-KP management.

Main Results:

  • Existing combination therapies (meropenem, colistin, fosfomycin, tigecycline, aminoglycosides) offer limited success.
  • New antimicrobials targeting MDR-KP are in various stages of clinical development.
  • Effective infection control and stewardship programs are crucial for limiting MDR-KP spread.

Conclusions:

  • Coordinated strategies and robust infection control are essential for managing MDR-KP.
  • Novel compounds show promise, but real-world data are pending.
  • Stewardship programs play a vital role in mitigating the conditions favoring MDR-KP proliferation.
Keywords:
Multi-drug-resistant-Klebsiella pneumoniaeantimicrobial stewardshipinfection controlnovel antimicrobial

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