Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

1.0K
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
1.0K
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

13.7K
Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
13.7K
Stereotype Content Model02:16

Stereotype Content Model

15.5K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
15.5K
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

56.1K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
56.1K
Hearing01:31

Hearing

57.3K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
57.3K
Gustation01:43

Gustation

52.4K
Gustation is a chemical sense that, along with olfaction (smell), contributes to our perception of taste. It starts with the activation of receptors by chemical compounds (tastants) dissolved in the saliva. The saliva and filiform papillae on the tongue distribute the tastants and increase their exposure to the taste receptors.
52.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The role of statistical image features in material perception: psychophysics and EEG decoding with natural and synthesized images.

Vision research·2026
Same author

On the difference between visual discomfort and unpleasantness.

Vision research·2026
Same author

A compact perceptual space for natural textures emerges from natural image statistics.

Vision research·2026
Same author

Natural Scene and Object Perception Based on Statistical Image Features: Psychophysics and EEG.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2025
Same author

Temporal dynamics of motion compression: a lagged extrapolation account.

Royal Society open science·2025
Same author

Rapid cortical responses to the unpleasantness of natural surfaces and their relationship to image statistics.

Vision research·2025
Same journal

Analysis of human visual experience data.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Pyramid-based Bayesian modeling for high-resolution behavioral analysis.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Sensation without perception: The white whale effect and perceptual blindness in autonomous vehicles.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Gaze behavior during closed-captioned movie viewing adapts to absent audio through more frequent switching between text and scene.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

In pursuit of saccade awareness: Limited volitional control and minimal conscious access to catch-up saccades during smooth pursuit eye movements.

Journal of vision·2026
Same journal

Dissociable effects of element-lifetime and stimulus-duration on local and global motion processing: An equivalent noise study.

Journal of vision·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast DIC Microscopy
06:49

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast DIC Microscopy

Published on: August 6, 2008

54.1K

Bidirectional aftereffects in perceived contrast.

Wakana Hata1, Isamu Motoyoshi2

  • 1Department of Integrated Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Journal of Vision
|September 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals bidirectional contrast aftereffects, where perceived contrast can be reduced or enhanced depending on the test stimulus. Repeated adaptor presentations amplify this effect, suggesting adaptation in distinct visual mechanisms.

More Related Videos

Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts
08:33

Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts

Published on: July 18, 2025

872
Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT
05:50

Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT

Published on: January 27, 2011

13.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast DIC Microscopy
06:49

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast DIC Microscopy

Published on: August 6, 2008

54.1K
Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts
08:33

Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts

Published on: July 18, 2025

872
Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT
05:50

Contrast Enhanced Vessel Imaging using MicroCT

Published on: January 27, 2011

13.1K

Area of Science:

  • Visual Perception
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Prolonged viewing of high-contrast stimuli alters perception of subsequent stimuli.
  • Prior research primarily documented perceived contrast reductions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate bidirectional contrast aftereffects.
  • Determine the role of adaptation versus other factors like attention.
  • Explore the spatial tuning of contrast adaptation mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Successive presentation of test and reference stimuli.
  • Varied contrast levels between adaptors and test stimuli.
  • Manipulated adaptor presentation frequency and spatial jitter.

Main Results:

  • Perceived contrast decreased when test contrast was lower than adaptor contrast.
  • Perceived contrast significantly increased when test contrast was higher than adaptor contrast.
  • Aftereffects were more pronounced with repeated adaptor presentations and varied spatial jitter.

Conclusions:

  • Bidirectional contrast aftereffects result from adaptation in distinct visual mechanisms.
  • These mechanisms exhibit different spatial tunings (narrow and broad).
  • The visual system likely has both low-level and high-level contrast processing channels.