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Mohamed Yassin Ali1, Gamal Mohamedin Hassan2, Abdel Moniem Sadek Hassan1

  • 1Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.

Drug and Chemical Toxicology
|September 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated the genotoxic effects of food additives Sunset Yellow (SY) and sodium benzoate (NaB) in rats. High doses of SY and NaB combinations showed significant DNA damage and chromosomal abnormalities, indicating potential genotoxic risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Toxicology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The widespread use of food additives like Sunset Yellow (SY) and sodium benzoate (NaB) necessitates understanding their potential health impacts.
  • Growing concerns link food additives to mutagenic potential and human diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the in vivo genotoxic effects of various combinations of SY and NaB in female rats.
  • To evaluate DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations induced by these common food additives.

Main Methods:

  • Female rats were administered different combinations of SY and NaB daily for 12 weeks.
  • Genotoxicity was assessed through chromosomal aberration analysis of bone marrow cells, Comet assay, and DNA profiling of liver cells.

Main Results:

Keywords:
Comet assayDNA damageFood additivesSister hromatid exchangechromosomal aberrationfood colorantliver DNAtoxicity

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  • The highest dose combination (200 mg/kg SY + 750 mg/kg NaB) induced significant chromosomal abnormalities, including breaks and fusions.
  • Increased frequency of tailed nuclei (DNA damage) was observed in liver cells across various SY and NaB combinations.
  • A concentration-dependent DNA smear pattern and abnormal serum protein distribution were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Sunset Yellow and sodium benzoate combinations demonstrate genotoxic potential in vivo.
  • These findings highlight the importance of screening food additives for potential adverse health effects due to increasing usage.