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Related Concept Videos

Equation of Motion: General Plane motion01:22

Equation of Motion: General Plane motion

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In the context of a rigid body's movement within a general plane, it is important to understand that this motion is typically triggered by external forces or couple moments exerted onto it. This principle can be explained through Newton's second law, which stipulates the translational motion of the body's center of mass along each axis.
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Bacterial and archaeal cells exhibit remarkable diversity in shape and structure, critical in their adaptability and functionality. Among bacteria, the most commonly observed shapes include cocci and bacilli. Cocci are spherical and may exist singly or in groupings such as pairs (diplococci), chains (streptococci), clusters (staphylococci), or tetrads. Bacilli, in contrast, are rod-shaped and can also occur as single cells, in pairs, or chains, depending on their environmental and genetic...
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Absolute Motion Analysis- General Plane Motion01:24

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Visualize a drone, with its propellers spinning rapidly, hovering mid-air. The fascinating movements and operations of this drone can be comprehended by applying the principle of general plane motion.
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Equation of Motion: General Plane motion - Problem Solving01:16

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Consider a lawn roller with a mass of 100 kg, a radius of 0.2 meters, and a radius of gyration of 0.15 meters. A force of 200 N is applied to this roller, angled at 60 degrees from the horizontal plane. What will be the angular acceleration of the lawn roller?
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Projectile Motion: Example01:18

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The theory of projectile motion is very useful for players of several sports to improve their performance. For example, a javelin thrower needs to throw their javelin in such a way that it travels as far as possible. The javelin thrower takes a short run-up to increase the initial speed of the javelin. The range of a projectile is at its maximum at a 45° angle so javelin throwers try to angle their throw as close to 45° as possible.
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Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion01:42

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While simple harmonic motion and uniform circular motion may be two separate concepts, they correlate and interlink with each other. Simple harmonic motion is an oscillatory motion in a system where the net force can be described by Hooke's law, while uniform circular motion is the motion of an object in a circular path at constant speed.
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Related Experiment Video

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Preparation of Functional Silica Using a Bioinspired Method
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Bioinspired 3D structures with programmable morphologies and motions.

Amirali Nojoomi1, Hakan Arslan2, Kwan Lee1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, 501 West First Street, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.

Nature Communications
|September 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a method to create 3D structures from 2D hydrogels that can expand and contract. This allows for programmed shape changes and complex movements in man-made materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Soft Robotics

Background:

  • Living organisms achieve complex functions through controlled expansion and contraction of soft tissues.
  • Replicating dynamic shape changes and movement in synthetic materials is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for creating 3D structures with programmed morphologies and motions using hydrogels.
  • To enable spatially and temporally controlled growth (expansion and contraction) in 2D hydrogels for 3D fabrication.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized temperature-responsive hydrogels with locally programmable swelling and shrinking characteristics.
  • Employed a one-step printing process to fabricate multiple 3D structures simultaneously from a single precursor in under 60 seconds.
  • Developed design rules and a theoretical model to predict the motion of growth-induced 3D structures.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the creation of diverse, shape-morphing 3D structures with programmed dynamic behaviors.
  • Revealed that spatially non-uniform swelling and shrinking rates dictate the shape-changing dynamics.
  • Successfully created bioinspired structures exhibiting programmed sequential motions.

Conclusions:

  • This approach offers a versatile platform for fabricating complex 3D structures with controlled dynamic behaviors.
  • The ability to program hydrogel growth enables the design of advanced soft materials and bioinspired devices.
  • The findings pave the way for novel applications in soft robotics, tissue engineering, and responsive materials.