Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Thermodynamics: Chemical Potential and Activity01:10

Thermodynamics: Chemical Potential and Activity

1.7K
The effective concentration of a species in a solution can be expressed precisely in terms of its activity. Activity considers the effect of electrolytes present in the vicinity of the species of interest and depends on the ionic strength of the solution. The activity of a species is expressed as the product of molar concentration and the activity coefficient of the species.
The thermodynamic equilibrium constant is more accurately defined in terms of activity rather than concentration.
1.7K
Oscillations In An LC Circuit01:30

Oscillations In An LC Circuit

3.1K
An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
3.1K
Forced Oscillations01:06

Forced Oscillations

8.0K
When an oscillator is forced with a periodic driving force, the motion may seem chaotic. The motions of such oscillators are known as transients. After the transients die out, the oscillator reaches a steady state, where the motion is periodic, and the displacement is determined.
8.0K
Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

7.3K
In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
7.3K
Subatomic Particles03:37

Subatomic Particles

113.3K
Dalton was only partially correct about the particles that make up matter. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are composed of three smaller subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom.
113.3K
Oscillations about an Equilibrium Position01:04

Oscillations about an Equilibrium Position

7.0K
Stability is an important concept in oscillation. If an equilibrium point is stable, a slight disturbance of an object that is initially at the stable equilibrium point will cause the object to oscillate around that point. For an unstable equilibrium point, if the object is disturbed slightly, it will not return to the equilibrium point. There are three conditions for equilibrium points—stable, unstable, and half-stable. A half-stable equilibrium point is also unstable, but is named so...
7.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tuning nonequilibrium phases with odd forces: From crystalline order to vortex structures in systems with competing interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Mixing and demixing of binary mixtures of active and passive rodlike particles.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Activity-driven demixing and sustained temperature gradients in inertial active-passive mixtures.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Directed transport of multiple deformable particles in time-oscillating potentials.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Separation of bidispersed microspheres in dusty plasma ratchet experiments.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Rectification and collective dynamics of active particles driven by misaligned perception-dependent motility.

Physical review. E·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking
10:16

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking

Published on: January 3, 2018

15.3K

Current reversals of active particles in time-oscillating potentials.

Jing-Jing Liao1, Xiao-Qun Huang, Bao-Quan Ai

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China. aibq@scnu.edu.cn.

Soft Matter
|September 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study explores controlling active particle movement using oscillating potentials. Researchers found that by tuning oscillation frequency and particle self-propulsion, directed transport and separation of particles can be achieved.

More Related Videos

A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials
12:03

A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials

Published on: May 25, 2019

8.9K
Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
09:04

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons

Published on: September 14, 2016

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking
10:16

A Protocol for Real-time 3D Single Particle Tracking

Published on: January 3, 2018

15.3K
A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials
12:03

A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials

Published on: May 25, 2019

8.9K
Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
09:04

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons

Published on: September 14, 2016

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Statistical physics
  • Soft matter physics
  • Nonlinear dynamics

Background:

  • Active particles exhibit self-propulsion, a nonequilibrium phenomenon.
  • Interacting active particles in potentials are crucial for understanding biological and synthetic systems.
  • Controlling particle transport is essential for micro-device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the rectification of interacting active particles in a time-oscillating potential.
  • To explore the interplay between potential oscillation and particle self-propulsion for directed transport.
  • To identify conditions for controlling particle movement and separation.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of interacting active particles in a 2D time-oscillating potential.
  • Analysis of particle dynamics under competing nonequilibrium driving forces.
  • Systematic variation of oscillation frequency and self-propulsion speed.

Main Results:

  • Potential oscillation and particle self-propulsion induce net currents in opposite directions.
  • Particle transport direction depends on the competition between self-propulsion and potential oscillation.
  • Optimal oscillation frequency or self-propulsion speed maximizes average particle velocity.
  • Particle velocity can reverse direction multiple times with changing oscillation frequency.
  • Particles with different self-propulsion speeds can be separated by moving in opposite directions.

Conclusions:

  • Time-oscillating potentials offer a novel method for controlling active particle transport.
  • The competition between external driving and self-propulsion dictates particle movement.
  • This approach provides a versatile platform for particle manipulation and separation in microscale systems.