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Sensitization to Fungi in Atopic Dermatitis Patients 14 Year and Older - Association with Other Atopic Diseases and

Jarmila Celakovská¹, Bukac Josef², Karel Ettler¹

¹Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.

Indian Journal of Dermatology

|September 14, 2018

Abstract

Background:

Fungi as a source of allergen are still largely neglected in basic research as well as in clinical practice. This study aimed to highlight the impact of fungal allergens in a group of patients suffering from atopic dermatitis (AD).

Aims And Objectives:

The evaluation of the sensitization to fungi in AD patients aged 14 year and older and the evaluation of the relation of fungal sensitization to the occurrence of other atopic diseases and parameters.

Materials And Methods:

All patients satisfying inclusion criteria attending our hospital between 2008 and 2017 were included in the study. The complete dermatological and allergological examinations were performed in all included patients including examination of specific immunoglobulin E, skin prick test to mixture of fungi and inhalant allergens, evaluation of asthma bronchiale, rhinitis, onset of AD, family history about atopy, duration of eczematous lesions, severity of AD. Pairs of these categories were entered in the contingency tables and the Chi-square test for relationship of these variables was performed with the level of significance set below 5%.

Results:

Three hundred and thirty-one patients were included in the study; the average age was 26.8 years. The sensitization to fungi was recorded in 100 patients (30%). In these patients, the occurrence of asthma bronchiale, rhinitis, family history about atopy, sensitization to grass and trees was significantly higher than in patients without sensitization to fungi. We did not find any significant relation between the sensitization to fungi and the severity of AD, no relation was also found between the sensitization to fungi and sensitization to mites, animal dander, bird feather, and dust.

Conclusion:

The occurrence of asthma bronchiale, rhinitis, family history about atopy, sensitization to grass and trees was significantly higher in AD patients with sensitization to fungi. No relation was found between the severity of AD and the sensitization to fungi.

Insights

Fungal sensitization is common in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients, correlating with asthma, rhinitis, and other allergies. However, it does not impact AD severity. This highlights the importance of fungal allergens in AD management.

Area of Science:

Allergy and Immunology
Dermatology
Clinical Research

Background:

Fungal allergens are often overlooked in research and clinical practice.
This study investigates the impact of fungal allergens on patients with atopic dermatitis (AD).

Purpose of the Study:

To assess fungal sensitization in AD patients (aged 14+).
To determine the relationship between fungal sensitization and other atopic diseases and parameters.

Main Methods:

Dermatological and allergological examinations were conducted on 331 AD patients (2008-2017).
Methods included specific IgE testing, skin prick tests, and evaluation of asthma, rhinitis, and family history.
Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests to assess variable relationships.

Main Results:

30% of AD patients (100/331) showed sensitization to fungi.
Fungal sensitization was significantly linked to asthma, rhinitis, family history of atopy, and sensitization to grass and trees.
No significant correlation was found between fungal sensitization and AD severity, or sensitization to mites, animal dander, or dust.

Conclusions:

Fungal sensitization is prevalent in AD patients and associated with other allergic conditions.
Fungal allergens should be considered in the comprehensive management of atopic dermatitis.
The severity of atopic dermatitis is not influenced by fungal sensitization.

Read full analysis

Keywords:

Asthma bronchiale atopic dermatitis persistent eczematous lesions rhinitis sensitization to fungi

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