Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant
Stephen T Odonkor1, Kennedy K Addo2
1Greenhill College, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Accra, Ghana.
International Journal of Microbiology
|September 14, 2018
Summary
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat. This study found poor water quality and high multidrug-resistant E. coli, recommending nitrofurantoin for treating waterborne bacterial infections.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Environmental Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global health, complicating infectious disease treatment.
- The presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in water sources raises concerns about public health and disease transmission.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the microbiological quality of six different water sources.
- To determine the antibiograms of bacterial isolates, specifically E. coli strains.
- To inform the treatment of waterborne bacterial diseases with updated antibiotic data.
Main Methods:
- Bacterial isolation and identification using API and conventional microbiological techniques.
- Antibiotic susceptibility testing performed via the Kirby-Bauer method.
- Calculation of the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index for multidrug-resistant strains.
Main Results:
- All tested water sources exhibited poor microbiological quality.
- A high prevalence of multidrug-resistant E. coli (49.48%) was detected.
- E. coli isolates displayed significant resistance to penicillin, cefuroxime, erythromycin, and tetracycline.
Conclusions:
- Nitrofurantoin, cefotaxime, amikacin, and gentamicin are recommended for treating waterborne bacterial diseases due to E. coli susceptibility.
- The study highlights the urgent need for improved water quality monitoring and control of antimicrobial resistance.
- Findings provide crucial data for the pragmatic treatment of patients with infections linked to contaminated water sources.
Related Concept Videos
01:08Prevalence and Incidence
1.9K
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
1.9K
01:22Resistivity
4.6K
When a voltage is applied to a conductor, an electrical field is generated, and charges in the conductor feel the force due to the electrical field. The current density that results depends on the electrical field and the properties of the material. In some materials, including metals at a given temperature, the current density is approximately proportional to the electrical field. In these cases, the current density can be modeled as:
4.6K
01:19Resistance
6.0K
When a current moves through any conductor, the conductor causes some level of difficulty for the current to flow. The measure of that difficulty is known as the resistance of the material and is represented by R. Every material has its own resistance. In the case of conductors, heat is emitted whenever a current passes through them. Resistance depends on the resistivity of the material. Resistivity is a characteristic of the material used to fabricate electrical components, whereas the...
6.0K
01:16Equivalent Resistance
987
In circuit analysis, situations often arise where resistors are neither in series nor parallel configurations. To tackle such scenarios, three-terminal equivalent networks like the wye (Y) (Figure 1 (a)) or tee (T) and delta (Δ) (Figure 1 (b)) or pi (π) networks come into play. These networks offer versatile solutions and are frequently encountered in various applications, including three-phase electrical systems, electrical filters, and matching networks.
987
01:25Resistance and Conductance
517
A conductor's DC resistance at a given temperature is influenced by its resistivity, length, and cross-sectional area. Resistivity is an inherent property of the conductor material, with annealed copper serving as the international standard for measurement. For instance, the resistivity of hard-drawn aluminum at 20 degrees Celsius is 61% of the standard conductivity of annealed copper.
Various factors impact the resistance of a conductor. Spiraling in stranded conductors increases their...
Various factors impact the resistance of a conductor. Spiraling in stranded conductors increases their...
517
01:21Rolling Resistance
667
When a solid cylinder rolls steadily on a rigid surface, the normal force applied by the surface on the cylinder is perpendicular to the tangent at the contact point. However, since no materials are entirely rigid, the surface's reaction to the cylinder involves a range of normal pressures.
For instance, imagine a hard cylinder rolling on a comparatively soft surface. The cylinder's weight compresses the surface beneath it. As the cylinder moves, the material in front of it slows down due to...
For instance, imagine a hard cylinder rolling on a comparatively soft surface. The cylinder's weight compresses the surface beneath it. As the cylinder moves, the material in front of it slows down due to...
667