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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
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Molecular Characterization of Vancomycin, Mupirocin and Antiseptic Resistant

Mahtab Hadadi1, Hamid Heidari1, Hadi Sedigh Ebrahim-Saraie1

  • 1Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
|September 14, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains exhibit resistance to vancomycin and mupirocin. High frequencies of mupirocin and antiseptic resistance genes were detected in these concerning healthcare-associated pathogens.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus is a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections.
  • Increasing antibiotic resistance in S. aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), poses a major threat.
  • Antiseptic resistance in MRSA facilitates its persistence and spread in healthcare settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular characteristics of vancomycin, mupirocin, and antiseptic resistant S. aureus strains.
  • To determine the prevalence of specific resistance genes in MRSA isolates.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 120 MRSA isolates from Shiraz, Iran.
  • Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for vancomycin and mupirocin determined using E-test.
  • Resistance gene detection performed via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).

Main Results:

  • 2.5% of MRSA isolates were vancomycin-intermediate (VISA) and 5.8% were vancomycin-resistant (VRSA).
  • 12.5% of isolates showed high-level mupirocin resistance (MuH).
  • The mupA gene was found in 45.8% of isolates; norA, smr, and qacA/B genes were detected in 91.7%, 45.8%, and 30% of strains, respectively. No vanA gene was detected.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms the presence of VISA and VRSA strains in the region.
  • A high prevalence of mupirocin and biocide resistance genes was observed in MRSA isolates.
  • These findings highlight the need for monitoring and control strategies against resistant S. aureus in healthcare environments.
Keywords:
Antibiotic resistanceAntisepticsMRSAMupirocinVRSA

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