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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Differentiation of Monocytes into Phenotypically Distinct Macrophages After Treatment with Human Cord Blood Stem Cell CB-SC-Derived Exosomes
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Engineering exosomes: a new direction for anticancer treatment

Benshuai You1, Wenrong Xu1, Bin Zhang2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China.

American Journal of Cancer Research
|September 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Engineered exosomes show promise for improving cancer treatment by enhancing drug delivery and cancer cell killing. This review explores modified exosomes from various sources for novel cancer therapy strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Clinical cancer treatment faces challenges with specificity and effectiveness, leading to poor outcomes despite advances.
  • Exosomes, as natural nanosized vesicles, offer potential for improved anticancer responses and targeted drug delivery.
  • Current therapeutic strategies require enhancement for better efficacy in cancer patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in engineering exosomes for cancer therapy.
  • To discuss the potential of modified exosomes in augmenting anticancer efficacy and drug delivery.
  • To explore exosomes derived from diverse cell sources for therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Summarizing current research on engineered exosomes for cancer treatment.
  • Analyzing exosomes derived from various sources including tumors, stem cells, and HEK293T cells.
  • Evaluating genetic and nongenetic modification strategies for exosome-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • Engineered exosomes demonstrate augmented cytotoxicity and targeting ability against cancer cells.
  • Exosomes from different sources exhibit varying potential for therapeutic modifications.
  • Modification strategies can enhance the efficacy of therapeutic agents delivered via exosomes.

Conclusions:

  • Engineering exosomes presents a promising novel strategy for enhancing cancer therapy.
  • Further understanding of exosome modification can lead to improved clinical outcomes.
  • Exosome-based therapies offer a potential alternative to overcome current treatment limitations.
Keywords:
Exosomescancer therapymodificationtargeting

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