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Subcutaneous clostridial infection in broilers.

C L Hofacre, J D French, R K Page

    Avian Diseases
    |July 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Sudden broiler mortality was linked to Clostridium infections following infectious bursal disease. Penicillin treatment resolved the outbreak, highlighting the role of immunosuppression in secondary bacterial infections.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Pathology
    • Avian Medicine
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes immunosuppression in poultry.
    • Enteritis can compromise gut barrier function.
    • Clostridium species are opportunistic pathogens in poultry.

    Observation:

    • A flock of 12,500 36-day-old broilers exhibited increased mortality.
    • Post-mortem findings included emphysema, severe enteritis, and subcutaneous serosanguineous fluid.
    • Clostridium perfringens and C. septicum were isolated from affected tissues.

    Findings:

    • Histopathology and serology confirmed prior IBDV infection.
    • Immunosuppression and enteritis likely facilitated Clostridium translocation.
    • Subcutaneous localization of bacteria led to mortality.

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    Implications:

    • IBDV-induced immunosuppression predisposes broilers to secondary Clostridium infections.
    • Effective treatment involves addressing both the primary viral infection and secondary bacterial invasion.
    • Penicillin G administration via drinking water successfully controlled the mortality event.