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Risk factors associated with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in Chinese children: A single center

Ling Shen1, Zongtong Lin1, Xing Lin1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Hospital, Fuzhou, China.

Plos One
|September 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Recurrent upper respiratory infections and enlarged tonsils/adenoids are key risk factors for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). These factors, along with chronic sinusitis and nasal stenosis, correlate with OSAHS severity in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a multifactorial condition.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for understanding disease etiology and severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential risk factors for pediatric OSAHS.
  • To analyze the correlation between identified risk factors and OSAHS severity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 338 pediatric patients diagnosed with OSAHS via polysomnography (PSG).
  • Patients categorized into mild, moderate, and severe OSAHS groups based on apnea indices.
  • Comparison with a control group of 338 children without upper airway obstruction.

Main Results:

  • Children with OSAHS had significantly higher rates of upper respiratory tract infections, tonsil and adenoid hypertrophy, positive serum tIgE, chronic sinusitis, nasal stenosis, craniofacial features, and obesity compared to controls.
  • Independent risk factors for pediatric OSAHS included recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, adenoid hypertrophy, tonsil hypertrophy, nasal stenosis, and chronic sinusitis.
  • Chronic sinusitis, nasal stenosis, craniofacial features, and obesity showed an increasing trend with OSAHS severity.

Conclusions:

  • Frequent upper respiratory tract infections, adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy, chronic sinusitis, and nasal stenosis are significant risk factors for pediatric OSAHS.
  • These factors, along with craniofacial features and obesity, may also influence the severity of pediatric OSAHS.

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