Inducing dissociation and schizotypal experiences through "vision-deforming" glasses

Derealization, depersonalization and schizotypal experiences are described as separate concepts but they can be hard to distinguish. One way to show the uniqueness of these concepts is by showing a dissociation between these experiences. The aim of this study was to experimentally induce derealization without inducing depersonalization or schizotypal experiences. Healthy participants watched a neutral video in one of four conditions: (1) with stroboscopic light, (2) while wearing deforming glasses, (3) with stroboscopic light and while wearing "vision deforming glasses" or (4) without any manipulation. The results show that the "vision deforming" glasses induced derealization without inducing depersonalization but not without inducing schizotypal experiences. The stroboscopic light showed no significant effect, nor was there a significant interaction between the stroboscopic light and the deforming glasses. The results indicate that using "vision deforming" glasses as a manipulation method can show a single dissociation between derealization and depersonalization but cannot dissociate derealization from state schizotypy. This association between derealization and schizotypal experiences might be helpful in understanding the high comorbidity rate between dissociative disorders and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.