Microneedling with Biologicals: Advantages and Limitations

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Cosmetic Science
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Microneedling is a widely used, affordable cosmetic procedure with minimal recovery time.
• Topical agents are frequently applied during microneedling to improve treatment efficacy.
• The duration of microchannels significantly impacts the absorption of applied substances.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the longevity of microchannels created by nonthermal microneedling versus thermal modalities.
• To evaluate the effect of microchannel duration on the enhancement of topical agent uptake.
• To discuss regulatory considerations for microneedling devices and topical agents.

Main Methods:

• Comparison of microchannel patency duration following nonthermal microneedling, thermal microneedling, and fractional laser.
• Assessment of the "dermal sponge" injury pattern created by different needling methods.
• Review of regulatory guidelines from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regarding devices and topical treatments.

Main Results:

• Microchannels from nonthermal microneedling close within 4 to 6 hours due to fibrin plugs.
• Channels created by thermal needling or fractional laser remain open for a longer period.
• The sustained patency of channels from thermal methods facilitates enhanced drug and biological uptake.

Conclusions:

• Thermal microneedling and fractional laser create a "dermal sponge" effect, prolonging channel patency.
• Longer-lasting microchannels significantly enhance the absorption of topical agents.
• Regulatory bodies like the FDA may classify certain dermaceuticals as drugs, impacting device clearance.