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Apolipoprotein E in Cardiovascular Diseases: Novel Aspects of an Old-fashioned Enigma
Elisa A Liehn1, Victor Ponomariov2, Rodica Diaconu3
1Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Rheinisch Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Human Genomics Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Craiova, Romania; Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Rheinisch Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany.
Abstract:
The presence of different APOE isoforms represents a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Besides the pleiotropic effects of APOE polymorphism on heart and neurological diseases, this review summarizes the less-known functions of APOE and the possible implications for cardiovascular disorders. Beyond the role as lipid transporting protein, its involvement in lipid membrane homeostasis and signaling, as well as its nuclear transcriptional effects suggests a more complex role of APOE, receiving great interest from researchers and physicians from all medical fields. Due to the presence of different APOE isoforms in human population, understanding APOE's role in pathological processes represents not only a challenge, but a demand for further development of therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
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