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Inflammatory markers in palatine tonsils of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Vitor Guo Chen1, Viviane Maria Guerreiro da Fonseca1, Jônatas Bussador Amaral2

  • 1Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
|September 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is linked to elevated IL-8 and IL-10 inflammatory markers in tonsils. This finding may help understand the immune response in children with this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric immunology
  • Sleep medicine
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children involves airway obstruction, intermittent hypoxia, and hypercapnia.
  • Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is a primary risk factor for pediatric OSAS.
  • Tonsillar lymphocytes play a role in local and systemic immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify inflammatory markers in the tonsils of children diagnosed with OSAS.
  • To compare marker levels between children with and without OSAS.
  • To investigate specific cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, TNF-α) and acute phase reactants (CRP, α1-GP).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, cross-sectional study involving 34 children with symptoms suggestive of OSAS.
  • Participants underwent otorhinolaryngological examination, nasal endoscopy, and polysomnography.
  • Children were divided into OSAS (n=17) and control (n=17) groups, all undergoing adenotonsillectomy for sample collection.

Main Results:

  • Elevated levels of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) were observed in the tonsils of children with OSAS compared to controls.
  • C-reactive protein (CRP) and α1-GP levels were higher in the tonsillar cortical region of OSAS patients versus the medullary region.
  • No significant differences were found for other tested inflammatory mediators.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric OSAS is associated with increased tonsillar expression of IL-8 and IL-10.
  • These findings highlight a specific inflammatory profile in tonsils of children with OSAS.
  • Further research can explore the role of these markers in OSAS pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
Abstract

Keywords:
Apneia obstrutiva do sonoChildCriançaInflammation mediatorsMediadores de inflamaçãoObstructive sleep apneaPalatine tonsilTonsila palatina

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