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The therapeutic index of a drug is a key parameter in pharmacology that quantifies the relative safety of a drug by calculating the ratio between the dose that causes toxicity in half the population (50%) to the dose that proves to be effective for half the population (50%). It provides a spectrum of doses for a particular drug ranging from effective to potentially toxic. To illustrate, consider an anticoagulant agent like warfarin. It possesses a narrow window within its therapeutic index to...
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Related Experiment Video

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Therapeutic mesopore construction on 2D Nb

Xiaoxia Han1, Xiangxiang Jing2, Dayan Yang2

  • 1Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China.

Theranostics
|September 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study engineered niobium carbide (Nb2C) MXene with mesopores for enhanced cancer therapy. The modified MXene demonstrated significant chemotherapy and photothermal hyperthermia, achieving 92.37% tumor inhibition.

Keywords:
MXenecancerenhanced therapymesoporous silicananomedicine

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) MXenes show promise as theranostic platforms but require surface engineering for in vivo applications.
  • Limited surface chemistry hinders the in vivo performance and biomedical applications of 2D MXenes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a surface-engineered 2D niobium carbide (Nb2C) MXene for enhanced cancer theranostics.
  • To address the limitations in surface chemistry for 2D MXenes in biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Sol-gel chemistry was used to create a "therapeutic mesopore" layer on 2D Nb2C MXene.
  • Surface engineering involved PEGylation and c(RGDyC) peptide conjugation for targeted delivery.
  • The Nb2C MXene exhibited photothermal conversion in the near-infrared II (NIR-II) biowindow.

Main Results:

  • Mesoporous silica-coated Nb2C MXene effectively loaded therapeutic agents within its pores.
  • Targeted accumulation in tumors was achieved through c(RGDyC) conjugation.
  • In vitro and in vivo studies showed enhanced chemotherapy and photothermal hyperthermia, with 92.37% tumor inhibition efficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered 2D Nb2C MXene offers a promising platform for combined chemotherapy and photothermal hyperthermia.
  • This work expands the biomedical utility of 2D Nb2C MXene for cancer therapy.
  • The developed strategy provides a versatile approach for surface engineering of 2D MXenes.