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Dopamine effects on stress-induced working memory deficits
Zahra Bahari1,2, Gholam H Meftahi2, Mohammad A Meftahi3
1Department of Physiology and Medical Physic, Faculty of Medicine.
Behavioural Pharmacology
|September 15, 2018
Summary
Stress increases dopamine in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), impairing executive functions like working memory. Understanding these mechanisms may reveal new treatments for cognitive dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Stress Research
Background:
- The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is crucial for executive functions.
- PFC neurons are sensitive to stress and undergo remodeling.
- Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, altering PFC neurotransmitter release.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review neuronal circuitry alterations in PFC dopaminergic neurons under stress.
- To address the interaction of PFC dopamine (DA) with glucocorticoids.
- To elucidate mechanisms impairing working memory under stress.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on PFC function, stress response, and dopamine neurotransmission.
- Analysis of studies investigating the impact of stress on PFC neuronal activity.
- Examination of the interplay between dopamine and glucocorticoids in the PFC.
Main Results:
- Stressful events increase dopamine concentrations in the medial PFC.
- Excessive dopaminergic activity in the PFC negatively impacts working memory and executive functions.
- Impaired information processing and cognitive function are observed following stress.
Conclusions:
- Understanding PFC dopaminergic alterations under stress is key to executive dysfunction pathophysiology.
- The interaction between PFC dopamine and glucocorticoids contributes to stress-induced working memory impairment.
- Insights may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for cognitive impairments.
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