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Related Concept Videos

Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

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Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
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This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
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Impression Management Techniques I: Managing Appearances01:29

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Appearance is a multidimensional aspect of self-presentation that encompasses observable attributes such as clothing, grooming, speech, and nonverbal behavior. These elements are often strategically managed to align with socially constructed expectations in different settings. For instance, individuals tailor their appearance during job interviews, social gatherings, or athletic events to meet the perceived norms of those environments.Contextual Adaptation and Social SignalsThe research...
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Impression management encompasses individuals' deliberate efforts to shape how others perceive them during social interactions. This behavior is often employed to conform to social norms, secure approval, or pursue specific goals. While it involves selective self-presentation, it is not necessarily deceptive; individuals frequently present authentic aspects of themselves that align with situational demands.Common strategies include:Ingratiation: where individuals use flattery or agreeableness...
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The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
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Cystic Fibrosis: Management01:24

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Application of Lucilia sericata Larvae in Debridement of Pressure Wounds in Outpatient Settings
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Epistaxis: Outpatient Management.

Jason P Womack1, Jill Kropa1, Marissa Jimenez Stabile1

  • 1Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.

American Family Physician
|September 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Nosebleeds (epistaxis) are common, with most cases originating from the front of the nose and treatable in outpatient settings. Posterior nosebleeds are more severe and may require hospitalization and specialized care.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Primary Care

Background:

  • Epistaxis affects up to 60% of the population, with 6% seeking medical attention.
  • Over 90% of nosebleeds originate from anterior nasal circulation, often manageable in outpatient settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the evaluation and management of epistaxis for primary care physicians.
  • To differentiate between anterior and posterior epistaxis treatments and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Initial assessment includes vital signs, mental status, and airway patency.
  • Examination utilizes nasal speculum and lighting.
  • Management strategies include compressive therapy, oxymetazoline, nasal cautery, topical therapy, and nasal packing.

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Main Results:

  • Anterior epistaxis is typically controlled with conservative measures in an outpatient setting.
  • Posterior epistaxis has a higher likelihood of hospitalization and requires nasal packing, often necessitating specialist referral.

Conclusions:

  • Most epistaxis cases are anterior and manageable with simple interventions.
  • Posterior epistaxis presents greater challenges, often requiring advanced interventions and specialist consultation.