Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

EDTA: Direct, Back-, and Displacement Titration01:30

EDTA: Direct, Back-, and Displacement Titration

5.5K
The EDTA titration types for metal ion analysis include direct titration, back-titration, and replacement titration.
Direct titration involves buffering the metal ion solution to the desired pH and directly titrating with standard EDTA until the endpoint. The optimum pH ensures a large conditional formation constant of metal−EDTA and visibility of the free indicator color in the solution. In addition, auxiliary complexing reagents are used to prevent the precipitation of metal hydroxides...
5.5K
Lagging Strand Synthesis01:59

Lagging Strand Synthesis

61.4K
During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
There are several major differences between synthesis of the leading strand and synthesis of the lagging strand. 1) Leading strand synthesis happens in the direction of replication fork opening, whereas lagging strand synthesis happens in the...
61.4K
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

14.8K
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
14.8K
Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

16.7K
For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
16.7K
DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

59.5K
DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication...
59.5K
Displacement Current01:19

Displacement Current

3.8K
Ampère's law, in its usual form, does not work in places where the current changes with time and is not steady. Thus, Maxwell suggested including an additional contribution, called the displacement current, Id, to the real conduction current I.
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A DNA-encoded recipe to direct multistage colloidal assembly.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Molecular concentration field design using closed-form steady-state solutions.

Soft matter·2026
Same author

Hydrogels with Tethered Transcription Circuit Elements for Chemical Communication and Collective Computation.

ACS nano·2025
Same author

Correction to "Directing Nanoparticle Organization in Response to Diverse Chemical Inputs".

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Spatial Control over Reactions via Localized Transcription within Membraneless DNA Nanostar Droplets.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2024
Same author

Directing Nanoparticle Organization in Response to Diverse Chemical Inputs.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

14.9K

Modular DNA strand-displacement controllers for directing material expansion.

Joshua Fern1, Rebecca Schulman2,3

  • 1Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.

Nature Communications
|September 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed DNA strand-displacement controllers for hydrogels, enabling precise, amplified responses to biomolecular stimuli. This innovation advances smart materials for applications in medicine and robotics.

More Related Videos

Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography
11:05

Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography

Published on: October 25, 2018

8.0K
Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
08:53

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

Published on: May 2, 2025

989

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks
07:50

Plasmid-derived DNA Strand Displacement Gates for Implementing Chemical Reaction Networks

Published on: November 25, 2015

14.9K
Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography
11:05

Functional Surface-immobilization of Genes Using Multistep Strand Displacement Lithography

Published on: October 25, 2018

8.0K
Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
08:53

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

Published on: May 2, 2025

989

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Soft Robotics

Background:

  • Soft materials that change shape with external stimuli are promising for regenerative medicine, therapeutics, and robotics.
  • Current limitations include direct stimulus interaction and high concentration requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer hydrogels with DNA strand-displacement controllers for stimuli-responsive shape change.
  • To enable precise control over swelling dynamics and signal amplification.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of DNA strand-displacement circuits into hydrogel networks.
  • Design of controllers to interpret, amplify, and integrate biomolecular or small molecule stimuli.
  • Characterization of hydrogel swelling and actuation in response to specific inputs.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated dramatic material size change in response to low concentrations (<100 nM) of biomolecular inputs.
  • Showcased controllers' ability to tune swelling time scale and degree.
  • Exhibited logic-gate behavior and response to small molecules.

Conclusions:

  • DNA strand-displacement controllers offer a versatile platform for creating advanced stimuli-responsive soft materials.
  • This integration of biomolecular circuits with materials is a key step towards autonomous soft robotic systems.