Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Combined Immunofluorescence and DNA FISH on 3D-preserved Interphase Nuclei to Study Changes in 3D Nuclear Organization
Published on: February 3, 2013
Combined Immunofluorescence, RNA FISH, and DNA FISH in Preimplantation Mouse Embryos
1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. iokamoto@anat2.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
Abstract:
Transcriptional and epigenetic dynamics of the genome occur during early development in mammals. It has been difficult to study these dynamics due to the limitation of materials and the difficulty of handling. In this chapter, we describe our attempt to apply a combination of immunofluorescence (IF), and RNA and DNA fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in preimplantation mouse embryos. We have concentrated on refining these techniques to study the dynamics of X chromosome inactivation in mouse embryos. The techniques and general underlying principles described here should be applicable to other mammals of interest.
Related Concept Videos
Osmoregulation in Fishes
FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization
RNA Stability
DNA Isolation
RNA Structure
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
Alternative RNA Splicing
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

