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    Area of Science:

    • Aviation Psychology
    • Human Factors Engineering
    • Aerospace Medicine

    Background:

    • Pilot spatial orientation is crucial for flight safety, with perceptual failures potentially leading to disorientation.
    • Change detection flicker task (CDFT) involves additional cognitive processing that may impact pilot performance.
    • Spatial disorientation (SD) events pose significant risks in aviation, often linked to pilot error.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of the CDFT on pilots' responses to simulated spatial disorientation (SD) events.
    • To determine if the cognitive load from CDFT exacerbates SD-induced effects on pilot spatial orientation.
    • To compare pilot flight performance under different SD conditions and simulation types (CDFT vs. control).

    Main Methods:

    • Fifty male military pilots participated in a study using an SD flight simulator.
    • Pilots were exposed to 12 flight sequences, including 6 with SD conflicts (visual and motion illusions).
    • Flight performance was measured and compared across CDFT and control simulations, and nonconflict vs. conflict SD conditions.

    Main Results:

    • Significant differences in pilot flight performance were observed for three visual and one vestibular (Coriolis) illusion.
    • The CDFT group showed performance decrements compared to the control group in both nonconflict and conflict SD scenarios.
    • These effects were particularly pronounced during approach and landing maneuvers.

    Conclusions:

    • The CDFT elevates cognitive workload, negatively affecting flight performance and increasing susceptibility to spatial disorientation.
    • Performing the CDFT contributes to a greater deterioration of pilots' spatial orientation, especially during critical flight phases.
    • Pilots experiencing disorientation should prioritize regaining spatial orientation before responding to external stimuli.