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The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Assessing bone quality through mechanical properties in postmenopausal trabecular bone.

Manuel Toledano1, Manuel Toledano-Osorio1, Enrique Guerado2

  • 1University of Granada, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Section, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.

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|September 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study quantifies mechanical properties of postmenopausal trabecular bone using advanced nano-indentation and AFM techniques. Findings reveal changes in bone quality, crucial for understanding osteoporosis and fracture risk in aging women.

Keywords:
DynamicMechanicMenopauseStaticTrabecular bone

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Trabecular bone's structure is optimized through remodeling.
  • Menopause-induced hormonal changes lead to bone loss and micro-architectural deterioration, increasing fracture susceptibility.
  • Micro-damage accumulation in bone contributes to stress fractures and fragility in aging individuals, particularly postmenopausal women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the intrinsic mechanical properties of trabecular bone in postmenopausal women.
  • To investigate nano-architectural changes, including nano-roughness and collagen fibril width.
  • To establish a comprehensive method for assessing bone quality in the context of menopause.

Main Methods:

  • Quasi-static and nano-dynamic mechanical characterization of trabecular bone from femoral neck biopsies.
  • Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to determine nano-roughness (SRa) and collagen fibril width.
  • Nanoindentation to quantify hardness (Hi), Young's modulus (Ei), complex modulus (E*), tan delta (δ), storage modulus (E"), and loss modulus (E").

Main Results:

  • Quasi-static measurements yielded Hi of 0.149 GPa and Ei of 2.95 GPa.
  • Nano-dynamic measurements provided E* of 17.94 GPa, tan(δ) of 0.62, E' of 13.79 GPa, and E" of 6.39 GPa.
  • AFM revealed SRa of 101.07 and collagen fibril width of 831.28 nm.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents a novel approach to measuring bone quality in postmenopausal women.
  • Combines quasi-static, nano-dynamic mechanical analysis, and AFM characterization.
  • Provides critical data for understanding age-related bone fragility and osteoporosis.