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Arthroscopic anatomy of the middle glenohumeral ligament
Philippe Collotte1, Laurent Nové-Josserand2
1Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Memoz, Centre Orthopédique Santy, 24 avenue Paul Santy, 69008, Lyon, France.
Purpose:
The middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) has seldom been studied and its function is unknown. The aim of this study was to describe its anatomical presentations.
Methods:
A prospective study was conducted of MGHL anatomy in 107 arthroscopies, with a description of its shape and superior and inferior insertion in the articular surface of the subscapularis tendon. The MGHL was investigated dynamically during internal rotation of the glenohumeral joint.
Results:
Sixty-three percent (68/107) of the MGHLs were found to be leaf-like, and 27% (28/107) cord-like, 5.5% (6/107) vestigial, and 2% (2/107) had several strands. The MGHL was absent for 2% of patients (2/107). The inferior insertion point of the MGHL was lateral, masked by the humeral head, in 34% of cases (36/105), intermediate, in front of the glenohumeral joint line, in 57% of cases (60/105), and medial, in front of the labrum, in 9% of cases (9/105). During internal rotation, 46% (48/105) of the MGHLs were observed to retract medially, the subscapularis tendon moving away from the anterior glenoid rim, while 54% (57/105) remained visible in front of the glenohumeral joint and came into contact with the articular surface of the subscapularis tendon.
Conclusions:
The MGHL has many anatomical variations.
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