Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Transitional Aged Youth

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Developmental Psychology

Background:

• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) research extensively covers children and adults, but less is known about this population during the critical transition from childhood to adulthood.
• Transitional aged youth (TAY) with ADHD are a vulnerable group, facing new independence and responsibilities alongside potential comorbid disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated review on the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of ADHD in transitional aged youth (TAY-ADHD).
• To highlight recent research on the course, impairments, comorbidities, and tailored treatments for TAY-ADHD.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on ADHD in transitional aged youth.
• Synthesis of research on emerging ADHD symptoms, academic/social impairments, risky behaviors, and psychiatric comorbidities in TAY.
• Analysis of treatment efficacy for TAY-ADHD, including psychotherapy and medication management.

Main Results:

• Emerging ADHD symptoms in TAY challenge the notion of ADHD as exclusively a childhood disorder.
• TAY-ADHD are at increased risk for academic and social impairments, risky behaviors, and comorbid psychiatric conditions.
• Caution is advised regarding stimulant diversion in TAY; combined psychotherapy and medication show promise.

Conclusions:

• ADHD in transitional aged youth requires specific attention due to unique developmental and clinical challenges.
• Comprehensive evaluation and tailored treatment strategies are crucial for managing TAY-ADHD effectively.
• Further research is needed to fully understand and address the complexities of ADHD during this life stage.