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Cognition and renal function: findings from a Brazilian population
Viviane Bernardes de Oliveira Chaiben1, Thabata Baechtold da Silveira1, Murilo Henrique Guedes1
1Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Departamento de Medicina, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
Jornal Brasileiro De Nefrologia
|September 18, 2018
Summary
Advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to worse cognitive function, particularly in executive performance tests. This study highlights the impact of kidney function on brain health.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Neurology
- Geriatrics
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is rising globally.
- CKD may accelerate cognitive decline and dementia risk.
- The relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and cognition requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess cognitive performance across varying stages of kidney function.
- To investigate the association between eGFR levels and cognitive test results.
Main Methods:
- 240 outpatients were categorized by eGFR: Advanced (≤30), Moderate (30.1-60), and Mild CKD (>60 ml/min/1.73m²).
- Cognitive function was evaluated using word list memory, semantic fluency, MMSE, and Trail Making Test (TMT).
- Linear regression models were adjusted for age, education, sex, diabetes, and alcohol use.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in MMSE or verbal fluency were found across groups.
- Patients with advanced CKD showed significantly worse performance on TMTA and TMTB compared to those with mild CKD.
- Multivariate analysis revealed significantly lower TMTB scores in mild CKD patients compared to advanced CKD patients.
Conclusions:
- Advanced CKD is independently associated with poorer cognitive performance.
- Executive function, as measured by TMT, is particularly affected in advanced CKD.
- These findings underscore the importance of kidney health for cognitive well-being.
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