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Related Concept Videos

Composition of Blood01:22

Composition of Blood

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The blood in our bodies comprises three major components: blood plasma, formed elements, and the extracellular matrix. Blood plasma is a yellowish fluid that constitutes 55% of the total blood volume. It is primarily made up of water and essential substances such as electrolytes and proteins. Blood plasma serves as a medium for transporting blood cells and also contains nutrients, enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and gases.
Formed elements constitute the remaining 45% of the blood volume. These...
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Blood Flow01:29

Blood Flow

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Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
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Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

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Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
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Blood Pressure01:24

Blood Pressure

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The movement of blood in a human body, commonly referred to as blood flow, is determined by the volume of blood that traverses a certain section of the bodily system per unit time. It is the rhythmic contraction of the heart's ventricles that primarily instigates this movement. As the ventricles contract, blood is forced into the prominent arteries, which then flow from areas of greater pressure to lower pressure areas. This movement continues into smaller arteries and arterioles and...
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Blood Pressure01:30

Blood Pressure

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Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the...
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The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

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The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
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AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures
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AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

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Electrokinetics with blood.

Suman Chakraborty1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.

Electrophoresis
|September 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrokinetics, the study of electric fields and fluid flow, offers new microfluidic applications for blood analysis and diagnostics. This technology enables precise control over blood transport and separation for advanced medical devices.

Keywords:
BiomedicalBloodElectrokinetics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Electrokinetics

Background:

  • Lab-on-a-chip technology shows promise for point-of-care diagnostics and biomimetic devices.
  • Understanding electric field interactions with blood flow is crucial for advancing microfluidic applications.
  • Blood's unique rheological properties and cellular components present challenges and opportunities in microcirculation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the interconnection between electrokinetics and blood flow in micro-capillaries.
  • To explore the potential of electric fields for blood sample manipulation and transport in microfluidic systems.
  • To discuss applications in biophysical transport, medical diagnostics, plasma separation, and tumor cell separation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fundamentals of electric field interaction with cellular components.
  • Discussion of direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) electrokinetics in blood flow.
  • Outline of theoretical developments and biophysical perspectives.

Main Results:

  • Electric field interactions with blood, considering its rheology, can be leveraged for controlled transport in microfluidic conduits.
  • Electrokinetic principles offer viable methods for blood plasma separation and circulatory tumor cell isolation.
  • The interplay of electrokinetics and blood flow dynamics opens avenues for advanced biomimetic microdevices.

Conclusions:

  • Electrokinetics provides a powerful tool for manipulating blood flow in microfluidic systems, enabling novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
  • This approach facilitates the development of next-generation medical simulation devices and advanced control over micro-circulatory transport.
  • Future research can integrate electrokinetics with microcirculation to create sophisticated biomimetic microdevices.