Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Prevalence and Incidence01:08

Prevalence and Incidence

1.9K
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
1.9K
Sign Test for Matched Pairs01:17

Sign Test for Matched Pairs

414
The sign test for matched pairs offers a robust method for comparing two paired samples, often for the effects of an intervention in one of them. This method is very useful in situations where the underlying distribution of the data is unknown. The test compares two related samples—often pre- and post-treatment measurements on the same subjects—to determine if there are significant differences in their median values.
To conduct the sign test, we first calculate the differences in...
414
Rate-Determining Steps03:08

Rate-Determining Steps

37.2K
Relating Reaction Mechanisms
In a multistep reaction mechanism, one of the elementary steps progresses significantly slower than the others. This slowest step is called the rate-limiting step (or rate-determining step). A reaction cannot proceed faster than its slowest step, and hence, the rate-determining step limits the overall reaction rate.
The concept of rate-determining step can be understood from the analogy of a 4-lane freeway with a short-stretch of traffic-bottleneck caused due to...
37.2K
Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report01:21

Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report

1.3K
An Incident or Occurrence Report in a healthcare setting is a crucial document used to record any unexpected occurrence that may or may not have affected a patient, employee, or visitor. Such reports are critical to improving patient safety and include all details leading up to and including the event.
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
1.3K
Reaction Rate02:53

Reaction Rate

64.0K
The rate of reaction is the change in the amount of a reactant or product per unit time. Reaction rates are therefore determined by measuring the time dependence of some property that can be related to reactant or product amounts. Rates of reactions that consume or produce gaseous substances, for example, are conveniently determined by measuring changes in volume or pressure.
The mathematical representation of the change in the concentration of reactants and products, over time, is the rate...
64.0K
Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs01:09

Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs

497
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched pairs evaluates the null hypothesis by combining the ranks of differences with their signs. It essentially tests whether the median of the differences in a population of matched pairs is zero. Since the test incorporates more information than the sign test, it generally yields more trustable conclusions. This test also does not require the data to follow a normal distribution, but two conditions must be met for it to be applicable: (1) the data must...
497

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The New Drug Lag: EU Lags in Review Times of Monoclonal Antibodies.

Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science·2020
Same author

Influence of Clinical Research Investigator Fraud on Clinical Trial Participation.

Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science·2018
Same author

Changes to Prescription Drug Pediatric Labeling: Awareness by Practicing Pediatricians.

Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science·2018
Same author

Generational Value Differences Affecting Public Perceptions of and Willingness to Participate in Clinical Trials.

Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science·2018
Same author

Reduction in Medication Errors: The Fentora Case Study.

Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials
06:05

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

Published on: January 15, 2014

8.3K

Funding of Cancer Research: Do Levels Match Incidence and Mortality Rates?

Irwin G Martin1, Sowmya Mallela1

  • 11 School of Health Sciences, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA.

Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science
|September 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary

National Cancer Institute funding for cancer research in 2012 largely aligned with prevalence, but breast cancer received disproportionately high funding and media attention compared to other deadly cancers like prostate cancer.

Keywords:
NCINIHcancer researchfunding

More Related Videos

Creating Matched In vivo/In vitro Patient-Derived Model Pairs of PDX and PDX-Derived Organoids for Cancer Pharmacology Research
04:49

Creating Matched In vivo/In vitro Patient-Derived Model Pairs of PDX and PDX-Derived Organoids for Cancer Pharmacology Research

Published on: May 5, 2021

7.1K
Fabrication of Refractive-index-matched Devices for Biomedical Microfluidics
09:54

Fabrication of Refractive-index-matched Devices for Biomedical Microfluidics

Published on: September 10, 2018

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials
06:05

Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials

Published on: January 15, 2014

8.3K
Creating Matched In vivo/In vitro Patient-Derived Model Pairs of PDX and PDX-Derived Organoids for Cancer Pharmacology Research
04:49

Creating Matched In vivo/In vitro Patient-Derived Model Pairs of PDX and PDX-Derived Organoids for Cancer Pharmacology Research

Published on: May 5, 2021

7.1K
Fabrication of Refractive-index-matched Devices for Biomedical Microfluidics
09:54

Fabrication of Refractive-index-matched Devices for Biomedical Microfluidics

Published on: September 10, 2018

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Health Services Research
  • Biomedical Research Funding

Background:

  • Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality, with significant public and private investment in research.
  • Understanding the allocation of research funding relative to cancer burden and public awareness is crucial for equitable progress.
  • The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is a primary funder of cancer clinical studies in the United States.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the NCI's funding of clinical studies for the ten most prevalent cancers in the US with their incidence and mortality rates in 2012.
  • To analyze the relationship between cancer prevalence, mortality, media coverage, and NCI funding.
  • To investigate potential overfunding of breast cancer research relative to other high-burden cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Data on cancer incidence and mortality rates for the top ten prevalent cancers in the US were collected for 2012.
  • NCI funding data for clinical studies related to these ten cancer types in 2012 were obtained.
  • Print and broadcast media coverage for these cancers in 2012 were sampled and quantified.

Main Results:

  • Overall, NCI funding per case and per death generally correlated with cancer prevalence.
  • Breast cancer received the highest funding per case and per death, exceeding other cancers significantly.
  • Breast cancer funding in 2012 was more than double that of prostate cancer, despite prostate cancer being more prevalent; breast cancer also received nearly twice the media mentions.

Conclusions:

  • While funding generally aligns with prevalence, breast cancer funding and media attention appear disproportionately high compared to prostate cancer and other deadly cancers.
  • The study raises questions about the influence of public awareness and advocacy on NCI funding decisions.
  • Further investigation is warranted to determine if breast cancer is overfunded relative to its burden compared to less publicly visible cancers.