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Updated: Feb 5, 2026

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Sequential risk of depression in children born prematurely: A nationwide population- based analysis

Ting-Fang Chiu1, Tung-Min Yu2, Ya-Wen Chuang2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|September 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children born prematurely face a significantly higher risk of depression compared to full-term infants. This study highlights the need for early intervention and support for preterm children and their families to mitigate mental health risks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The association between premature birth and the risk of developing depression in childhood remains unclear.
  • This study investigates the potential elevated risk of depression in children born prematurely.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the risk of depression in children born prematurely using a national cohort in Taiwan.
  • To identify factors associated with increased depression risk in preterm children.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for a cohort study.
  • Included 21,478 preterm and 85,903 full-term children born between 2000 and 2010.
  • Defined depression diagnosis based on clinical visits or hospitalization.

Main Results:

  • Preterm children exhibited a 2.75-fold higher risk of depression compared to full-term children.
  • Lower levels of urbanization and specific parental occupations (blue-collar, other) were associated with increased depression risk in preterm children.
  • No significant association was found between sex and depression risk.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm children have a substantially higher risk of depression.
  • Early identification, timely psychiatric care, and family support are crucial for managing mental health complications in preterm children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cumulative riskDepressionLow birth weightPrematurity

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