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Community bioirrigation potential (BIP

J R Renz1, M Powilleit1, M Gogina2

  • 1University of Rostock, Institute of Biological Sciences, Marine Biology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3, D-18059, Rostock, Germany.

Marine Environmental Research
|September 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Bioirrigation, the animal-driven exchange of solutes in sediments, is crucial for nutrient cycling. A new index quantifies bioirrigation potential based on species traits, aiding in understanding environmental change impacts on marine ecosystems.

Keywords:
Baltic SeaBenthic communityClassificationEcosystem functionMacrofauna

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Ecology
  • Biogeochemistry
  • Benthic Ecology

Background:

  • Bioirrigation, the exchange of solutes between sediment pore water and overlying water, is vital for nutrient cycling and organic matter regeneration.
  • Understanding how environmental changes affect macrofauna bioirrigation is critical for predicting ecosystem function, particularly benthic-pelagic coupling.
  • Current methods struggle to measure area-covering bioirrigation rates and attribute them to specific species within complex communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mechanistically-based conceptual framework for quantifying the bioirrigation potential of benthic communities.
  • To introduce the community bioirrigation potential (BIPc) index, a scoring system based on functional traits, abundance, and biomass.
  • To provide a simplified, yet functionally relevant, approach to assess bioirrigation activity in marine soft sediments.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a biomass- and abundance-weighted scoring system (BIPc) incorporating functional traits influencing pore water and solute exchange.
  • Integrated organismal traits affecting ventilation and bioirrigation, such as feeding type, burrow morphology, and burrowing depth.
  • Modeled the index in analogy to particle-related community bioturbation potential, combining species-specific data with ecological traits.

Main Results:

  • The BIPc index offers a simplified, yet functionally based, quantification of bioirrigation potential.
  • The framework allows for the prediction of relative bioirrigation intensities based on fundamental functional traits.
  • A working example from the southwestern Baltic Sea demonstrates the practical application of the BIPc index.

Conclusions:

  • The BIPc index serves as a valuable supplement to established methods for assessing marine soft sediment function.
  • This approach aids in predicting the impact of altered species composition on bioirrigation and ecosystem processes.
  • The study provides a classification of key species' bioirrigation traits for practical application in ecological assessments.