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Mortality During Total Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infection

Zachary C Lum1, Kyle M Natsuhara1, Trevor J Shelton1

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA.

The Journal of Arthroplasty
|September 19, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mortality after 2-stage revision for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the knee is high, with a 5-year rate of 21.64%. Patients face a significantly increased risk of death compared to the general population.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are serious complications following knee replacement surgery.
  • PJIs lead to poor outcomes, including disability, reinfection, and increased mortality.
  • Effective management strategies for PJI are crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the mortality rate of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the knee undergoing 2-stage revision.
  • To determine if the mortality rate has improved over time.
  • To compare PJI mortality to that of the general population.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of studies was conducted using databases like MEDLINE/EMBASE and PubMed.
  • Keywords included 'periprosthetic joint infection,' 'mortality rates,' 'total knee arthroplasty,' and 'outcomes after two stage revision.'
  • 14 studies involving 20,719 patients were included in the analysis.

Main Results:

  • The average mortality percentage after 2-stage revision for total knee PJI was 14.4%, with a 5-year mortality rate of 21.64%.
  • One-year mortality was 4.33%, with a significant increase in mortality thereafter.
  • The risk of death after total knee PJI was 3.05 times higher than in the age-adjusted general population.

Conclusions:

  • The mortality rate associated with 2-stage total knee revision for periprosthetic joint infection is notably high.
  • Healthcare providers must discuss the risk of death with patients undergoing this procedure.
  • Further research may be needed to improve outcomes and reduce mortality in PJI cases.
Keywords:
2-stage revision arthroplastymortality after total knee arthroplasty periprosthetic joint infectionmortality in two stage total knee infectionperiprosthetic joint infection mortalityrevision total knee arthroplastytotal knee arthroplasty infection

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