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How morphological development can guide evolution.

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Development and evolution interact to enhance evolvability. Evolution discovers robust body plans, allowing continuous adaptation by modifying developmental control programs, a phenomenon termed differential canalization.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Artificial intelligence

Background:

  • Organisms evolve through adaptive processes across timescales.
  • Development and evolution interact, with development potentially increasing evolvability by exposing novel traits.
  • Previous models suggest development can expose traits for subsequent evolutionary canalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between development and evolution in embodied agents.
  • To identify novel phenomena arising from the co-evolution of body plans and control systems.
  • To explore the implications of these findings for the Baldwin effect and artificial agent design.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated embodied agents undergoing both development and evolution.
  • Analysis of genetic assimilation of body plans versus control systems.
  • Investigation of the Baldwin effect and the concept of differential canalization.

Main Results:

  • Evolution discovered body plans robust to changes in control systems.
  • These robust body plans were genetically assimilated, but controllers were not.
  • This allowed for continued adaptation by modifying developmental programs for controllers.
  • A phenomenon termed 'differential canalization' was identified, where only robustness-conferring traits are assimilated.

Conclusions:

  • Development can significantly enhance evolvability by enabling differential canalization.
  • The Baldwin effect is more nuanced, involving assimilation of robustness-conferring traits.
  • Findings have implications for designing robust artificial agents and robots for diverse environments.