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Behaviourally mediated predation avoidance in penguin prey:

Jonathan M Handley1, Andréa Thiebault1, Andrew Stanworth2

  • 1DST/NRF Centre of Excellence at the FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, South Campus, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa.

Royal Society Open Science
|September 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prey behavior, like defense or clustering, significantly impacts seabird hunting success. Gentoo penguins target prey when most visible, not just when abundant, affecting marine food web studies.

Keywords:
animal-borne cameraconfusion effectindicator speciespenguinpredator–preyseabird

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Area of Science:

  • Marine ecology
  • Behavioral ecology
  • Bio-logging technology

Background:

  • Predator diet studies often assume prey abundance equals consumption.
  • This overlooks how prey behavior influences predator foraging success.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for accurate ecological assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors influencing prey capture by gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua).
  • To develop a scalable bio-logging protocol for studying predator-prey interactions.
  • To reveal the role of prey behavior in predator diet composition.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized animal-borne camera loggers on gentoo penguins.
  • Analyzed video footage to observe hunting events and prey interactions.
  • Quantified prey capture success in relation to prey behavior and environmental factors.

Main Results:

  • Documented prey actively defending themselves, deterring gentoo penguin predation.
  • Observed penguins preferentially targeting more discernible prey, particularly during ascent.
  • Found that prey clustering negatively impacts capture rates.

Conclusions:

  • Prey behavior is a significant factor in predator diet and trophic coupling.
  • Predator dietary studies must account for prey behavior, not just abundance.
  • This research highlights limitations in using top predators as sole indicators of lower trophic levels.