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Larval Zebrafish Lateral Line as a Model for Acoustic Trauma.

Phillip M Uribe1, Beija K Villapando2, Kristy J Lawton2

  • 1Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686.

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|September 19, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Zebrafish hair cells damaged by noise exposure regenerate and show signs of synaptopathy. This new model aids in understanding acoustic trauma and discovering protective therapies for hearing loss.

Keywords:
acoustic traumahair cellhearing losslateral linezebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Ototolaryngology
  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Excessive noise exposure causes permanent hearing loss by damaging sensory hair cells.
  • Zebrafish are a valuable model for drug-induced hair cell death but lack a model for noise exposure research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and validate zebrafish as a model for studying acoustic trauma and developing protective therapies.
  • To investigate the mechanisms of noise-induced hair cell damage and regeneration in zebrafish.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an acoustic trauma system using underwater cavitation to stimulate lateral line hair cells in zebrafish.
  • Quantified hair cell damage, apoptosis (TUNEL+ staining), and regeneration post-acoustic stimulation.
  • Investigated the role of protein synthesis and caspase activation in acoustic trauma.
  • Assessed synaptopathy in surviving hair cells.
  • Screened a redox library for compounds protecting against acoustic trauma.

Main Results:

  • Acoustic stimulation caused time- and intensity-dependent hair cell damage in lateral line and saccular systems.
  • Damage was hair cell-specific, with increased TUNEL+ cells 72h post-exposure.
  • Hair cell regeneration occurred within 3 days.
  • Inhibition of protein synthesis or caspase activation attenuated damage.
  • Surviving hair cells exhibited synaptopathy, mirroring mammalian studies.
  • Identified protective compounds from a redox library.

Conclusions:

  • Zebrafish provide a tractable model for acoustic trauma research, consistent with mammalian studies.
  • This platform facilitates high-throughput genetic screens and drug discovery for hearing loss prevention.
  • Acoustic trauma involves translation and apoptotic signaling, with potential for synaptopathy.